|
"Treaty" is a song by Australian indigenous music band Yothu Yindi, which is made up of Aboriginal and ''balanda'' (non-Aboriginal) members. Released in June 1991, "Treaty" peaked at No. 11 on the ARIA Singles Chart in September.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yothu Yindi discography )〕〔 NOTE: Used for Australian Singles and Albums charting from 1974 until ARIA created their own charts in mid-1988. In 1992, Kent back calculated chart positions for 1970–1974.〕 "Treaty" was the first song by a predominately-Aboriginal band to chart in Australia and was the first song in any Aboriginal Australian language (Yolngu-Matha) to gain extensive international recognition, peaking at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play singles charts.〔 In May 2001 "Treaty" was selected by Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) as one of the Top 30 Australian songs of all time. In 2009 'Treaty' was added to the National Film and Sound Archive's Sounds of Australia registry. ==Background== In 1988, as part of Bicentennial celebrations, Prime Minister of Australia, Bob Hawke, visited the Northern Territory for the Barunga festival where he was presented with a statement of Aboriginal political objectives by Galarrwuy Yunupingu and Wenten Rubuntja. Hawke responded to the Barunga Statement with a promise that a treaty would be concluded with Indigenous Australians by 1990.〔 In 1991, Yothu Yindi were Hughie Benjamin on drums, Sophie Garrkali and Julie Gungunbuy as dancers, Stuart Kellaway on bass guitar, Witiyana Marika on ''manikay'' (traditional vocals), ''bilma'' (ironwood clapsticks) and dance, Milkayngu Mununggurr on ''yidaki'' (didgeridoo), Gurrumul Yunupingu on keyboards, guitar and percussion, Makuma Yunupingu on ''yidaki'', vocals, ''bilma'', Dr Yunupingu on vocals and guitar, Mangatjay Yunupingu as a dancer.〔 Dr Yunupingu, with his older brother Galarrwuy, wanted a song to highlight the lack of progress on the treaty between Aboriginal peoples and the federal government. Dr Yunupingu recalls: "Treaty" was written by Australian musician Paul Kelly and Yothu Yindi members Dr M Yunupingu, Kellaway, Williams, Gurrumul Yunupingu, Mununggurr and Marika and Peter Garrett.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=APRA 2001 Top 30 Songs )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=YOTHU YINDI ANNOUNCED AS 2012 HALL OF FAME INDUCTEE )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Music Lesson )〕 The initial release received limited radio and television exposure (mainly on ABC radio and SBS television) and failed to chart.〔 Mushroom Records saw the potential for a dance-orientated remix and engaged Melbourne-based sound mixers, Robert Goodge (ex-I'm Talking), Gavin Campbell and Paul Main to produce one.〔〔〔 The Filthy Lucre remix was produced without the band's involvement but with the understanding that the 'Yolngu' side of the music was preserved.〔 The remix not only modified the musical backing but dispensed with the majority of the English language lyrics, with the song sung almost entirely in the Aboriginal language, Gumatj.〔〔〔 The Filthy Lucre remix, was released in June, entering the charts in July and peaking at No. 11 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) singles charts by September, spending a total of 22 weeks in the national charts.〔〔 Success for the single was transferred to the related album ''Tribal Voice'' which peaked at No. 4 on the ARIA Albums Chart.〔 The album produced by Mark Moffatt for Mushroom Records was released in September 1991.〔 Dr M Yunupingu took leave of absence from his duties as principal to tour and promote the single and album.〔〔 Other singles from the album were a re-released "Djäpana (Sunset Dreaming)" which peaked at #13 in 1992 and "Tribal Voice" which didn't reach the Top 50.〔 At the 1992 ARIA Awards Yothu Yindi won awards for 'Engineer of the Year' for "Maralitja" (''maralitja'' is Yolngu ''matha'' for crocodile man - one of Dr Yunupingu's tribal names), "Dharpa" (''dharpa'' is tree), "Treaty", "Treaty (Filthy Lucre remix)" and "Tribal Voice" by David Price, Ted Howard, Greg Henderson and Simon Polinski; 'Song of the Year' for "Treaty"; and 'Single of the Year' for "Treaty".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=1992: 6th Annual ARIA Awards )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ARIA Awards 2008: History: Winners by Artist: Yothu Yindi search results )〕 Both "Treaty" in 1992 and "Djäpana (Sunset Dreaming)" in 1993 charted on the ''Billboard'' Hot Dance Club Play singles charts, with "Treaty" peaking at #6.〔 In May 2001 "Treaty" was selected by Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) as one of the Top 30 Australian songs of all time.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Treaty (song)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|